The phenomenon is suicide bombing Essay Example for Free

The phenomenon is self-destruction attack EssayThe phenomenon is felo-de-se bombing more often intrudes into our life from newspapers headlines, TV news and unfortunately even more and more people face it in reality. The understanding of the reasons that engender this phenomenon may considerably assist in preventing its expansion and probably even help to stop it. That is whitherfore now we may encounter a great number of various works dealing with this motion which aim at considering suicide bombing from different viewpoints.The herein literature review attempts to focus on the roughly signifi quartert aspects of suicide bombing as well as to present those works which rear the most profound and comprehensive analysis of suicide bombing. Besides the works reviewed here are selected on the base of variety of viewpoints they provide. One of the most substantial works, that touch upon the issue of suicide bombing, is the harbour bleak Political Religions, Or an Analysis of Modern act of terrorism by Barry barrel maker. The analysis given in the book provides understanding of the nature of a suicide mission.That is, in addition to considering such relatively straightforward issues as who did what and how it was accomplished, source is also concerned with interpreting the phenomena of terrorist action as meaningful within the context of sources provided by the terrorists themselves. Author asserts that one of the oldest insights of semipolitical science is that all political action is self-interpretive and proves that terrorism is no exception. The precise useful aspect of the riddle under discussion revealed in the book is the psychological analysis of the suicides actions.In particular Cooper argues that they are not necessarily psychopaths. They are not unwarranted in the commonsense use of the term. They most definitely are, however, eldritchly split. As author states, the spiritual disorders that are present among contemporary terrorists a re expressions of ideology. It is for this reason that one can compare the spiritually disordered suicide bombers to the adherents of modern ideologies in the SS or KGB. The author also discusses the relation between the terrorism and religion.In particular, he observes that Koran condemns any form of suicide however, the motives of the terrorist acts performers necessarily contain some ghostly elements. Hence, Cooper concludes that the religion itself cannot be a rational basis for organization of a terrorist act neertheless it can be intensifying factor in the reasoning of suicide bombing. The side by side(p) article under adjustment is judgment Suicide Terrorism Richard Jackson Argues That Terrorism Cannot Be Attributed Solely to Religious Extremism, Hatred or mental Illness published by Richard Jackson in diary New Zealand International Review.In this article the author tries to clarify what are the reasons of suicide bombing. After having summarised particular cases the author arrives to conclusion that is precise close to that presented in a book reviewed above. Namely, religion is only a factor in a very few cases of suicide terrorism around the world, and even in these instances, religious extremism is almost never the sole cause. Jackson notes that after all, there are many extremists and fanatics in virtually every religion, most of whom will never engage in any form of violence.Nor is suicide terrorism the result of religious brainwashing in places like Palestine, there are many more volunteers for suicide missions than the terrorist groups require. The author provides a valuable understanding of the fact that suicide bombers and terrorists are almost never motivated primarily by hatred for their victims. In actual fact, many suicide bombers are motivated by more selfless aims, such as sacrifice for their comrades and their community, or a belief that they are fighting for a computable cause. The author also states the arguments used by t he organizers of suicide bombing during the planning of the terrorist acts.The strongest among others is tactical advantages. On a tactical level, terrorists believe that their actions can be successful and that powerful governances can be forced to salmagundi their policies in effect, they are making a rational calculation that enough carnage will compass the desired results. In the work The Underlying Realities of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict after 11 kinsfolk, published in Arab Studies Quarterly, the author Norton Mezvinsky highlights the chronological development of terrorist acts performed by the suicide bombers after the declaration of Intifada from 28 September 2000.The principal(prenominal) purpose of this work is to explore the sway of the events of 9/11 on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. The most valuable in this work is the summarising of effects the terrorist acts had both for the Palestinians and the Israelis. Thus the author asserts that from the very beginn ing Intifada mainly implied the direction of suicide bombings. Israel, in its turn, with the purpose to render terrorist centers harmless brought troops into the territory of West Bank.Israels military incursion into the West Bank greatly plusd Palestinian hostility. Beginning in the aftermath of 28 September 2000, suicide bombing became the major weapon of armed struggle for Palestinians. Arafat and some other Palestinian political leaders condemned and called for a halt to the suicide bombings. Such statements had little effect. Suicide bombings render instilled fear and breach the economy in Israel, but Palestinian suffering has nevertheless far surpassed Israeli Jewish suffering.The next paper is the article by Terri Toles Patkin explosive Baggage Fe staminate Palestinian Suicide Bombers and the Rhetoric of Emotion, published in Women and Language which examines the psychological, social and gender factor in suicide bombing. The author of this work asserts that suicide bom bers are not suffering from clinical depression or emotional difficulties they perceive themselves as fulfilling a holy mission that will make them martyrs. The action is not suicide (as it was mentioned above suicide is prohibited by Koran) but rather martyrdom and thus does not violate religious prohibitions against killing oneself.In particular Terri Patkin studies numerous psychological peculiarities of a woman which may induce them to participate in terrorist groups. The curiously interesting is the point of the author that the peculiar role of a woman in Muslim club can be a significant factor that impel women to participate in suicide bombing. Women have participated in terrorist groups worldwide, but their relatively low numbers and roles often centering on support of their male colleagues have diminished onlooker perceptions of their importance.Women tend to be more actively involved in national/secular terror organizations rather than Islamist/religious groups. Women i n Palestinian groups are often enthusiastic closely their increased roles. Generally for the western society martyrdom operations represent an odd and abnormal case of violent behaviour. Thus it would be useful to know what is the suicide bombing for a terrorist him-/herself or for the instance of the Muslim belief.This interest can be satisfied by the work A Comparative try break through of Lebanese and Palestinian Perceptions of Suicide Bombings The Role of Militant Islam and Socio-Economic Status conducted by Simon Haddad and presented in International Journal of Comparative Sociology. This work consists of the sociological survey for the attitude of the Lebanese and Palestinian to suicide bombing. The major object glass of this article is to provide a general overview of respondents attitudes towards suicide bombings within a comparative perspective.Derived data augur that for Lebanese and Palestinian, the most important determinant of attitudes toward suicide bombings is political Islam. The greater the attachment to the religious dogma the more likely respondents are to express support for suicide bombings. Certain Muslims commit these acts in the trope of Jihad and thus in expectation of a handsome divine reward. Result of this article increase understanding of the phenomena of suicide bombings and pro-suicide attitudes in both Lebanese and Palestinian cases. And finally the book Global Terrorism by Brenda J. Lutz and pack M.Lutz provides a general research of the terrorism phenomenon. The work defines the place of suicide bombing among the other methods of terror. Thus, it is stated that in most cases the suicide bombing is used against political regimes (the authors include here the terrorist acts against the foreign troops on the occupied territory), basing on religious motives or social ground. Also there are cases when suicide bombing are performed basing on ideological ground (Kurdish Workers Party). The book is illustrated with the tabl e covering the number of terrorist acts conducted from 1980 to 2000.So we can see that more than a half of acts of suicide bombing (168 turn up of 280) up till 2000 were organized by Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam in Sri Lanka and India. These terrorist acts were based on the ethnical ground. Unfortunately there are no data following 2000 as it could have helped to find out what is the change in this ratio after the declaration of Intifada. This literature review unfortunately left a number of problems, related to suicide bombings, unconsidered. Thus it would be desirable to pay attention to such problem as children participation in suicide bombing.Also the question of suicide bombings by the Chechens against the Russian government is not discussed in the books and articles reviewed. Many researchers differentiate the Chechen terrorism as a separate set-back due to its incredible brutality towards civilians. Bibliography COOPER, Barry. New Political Religions, Or an Analysis of Modern Terrorism. Columbia, MO, University of Missouri Press, 2004. JACKSON, Richard. Understanding Suicide Terrorism Richard Jackson Argues That Terrorism Cannot Be Attributed Solely to Religious Extremism, Hatred or Mental Illness. New Zealand International Review, 30 (5) 2005 24+.MEZVINSKY, Norton. The Underlying Realities of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict after 11 September. Arab Studies Quarterly, 25 (1-2) 2003 197+. PATKIN, Terri Toles. Explosive Baggage Female Palestinian Suicide Bombers and the Rhetoric of Emotion. Women and Language, 27 (2) 2004 79+. HADDAD, Simon. A Comparative carry of Lebanese and Palestinian Perceptions of Suicide Bombings The Role of Militant Islam and Socio-Economic Status. International Journal of Comparative Sociology, 45 (5) 2004 337+. LUTZ, Brenda J. and LUTZ, James M. Global Terrorism. New York, Routledge, 2004.